Kodi CE \ TUV \ UL \ ETL \ UKCA yovomerezeka ndi chiyani?

Mayiko osiyanasiyana ali ndi zofunikira zosiyanasiyana pakulipiritsa ziphaso za milu, ndipo mayiko ena amazindikira ziphaso zina.Vuto lalikulu la chiphaso cha chiphaso ichi ndi nthawi ndi mtengo.Kuzungulira konse kwa ziphaso zina kungakhale theka la chaka, ndipo mtengo wake ndi mamiliyoni.Ndikofunika kwambiri kumvetsetsa ndondomeko ya msika wogulitsa kunja pasadakhale.Apa kuti mumvetsetse zomwe CE \ TUV \ UL \ ETL \ UKCA

CE: European Conformity European Security Certification

Chitsimikizo cha CE cha milu yolipiritsa chingagwiritsidwe ntchito ku European Economic Area (kuphatikiza mayiko a European Union, mayiko a European Free Trade Area ndi mayiko ena omwe ali ndi mapangano a EEA).Chitsimikizo cha CE chikutanthauza kuti chinthucho chikukwaniritsa zofunikira zoyendetsera European Economic Area ndipo chitha kugulitsidwa ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito m'derali.

Mfundo zazikuluzikulu: Ngakhale chiphaso cha CE chili chofala m'dera lazachuma ku Europe, sizitanthauza kuti chitha kukhala chofala m'maiko ena kapena zigawo, chifukwa mayiko ndi zigawo zosiyanasiyana zitha kukhala ndi zofunikira ndi miyezo yawo yotsimikizira zinthu.Mayiko ambiri akunja kwa Europe amangofunika kutulutsa lipoti la CB pomwe bungwe lopereka ziphaso likupereka satifiketi, kenako ndikusamutsa satifiketi kuchokera kudziko lililonse malinga ndi lipoti la CB.

Kuchuluka kwa kugwiritsa ntchito satifiketi ya CE:

Mayiko a European Union (EU) ndi European Economic Area (EEA) onse amafuna chizindikiro cha CE: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom. (Great Britain), Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Slovenia, Malta, Cyprus, Romania, ndi Bulgaria.Mayiko atatu omwe ali membala wa European Free Trade Association (EFTA) ndi: Iceland, Liechtenstein, ndi Norway.Mayiko osankhidwa a EU ndi: Turkey.

UL: Underwriter Laboratories Inc. American Security certification

Zogulitsa pamsika waku United States zimafunikira chiphaso chovomerezeka cha UL, kaya ku United States katundu kapena kutumiza kumayiko ena, zonse ku mayeso a certification a UL, titha kuwona zamagetsi zambiri pamsika zomwe zili ndi certification ya UL, uku ndiye kuwongolera kwazinthu komanso Kuyesa kwa radiation, pamsika ku United States, certification ya UL ndi pasipoti yofunika ndikudutsa, zinthu zokhazo zomwe zimatha kulowa bwino pamsika waku America.

FCC: Chilolezo cha Federal Communications Commission ku United States

ETL: Electrical Testing Laboratories American Electronic Testing Laboratory certification

ETL ndi yachidule ya American Electronic Testing Laboratory (ETL Testing Laboratories Inc), yokhazikitsidwa ndi Thomas Edison mu 1896, ndipo ndi NRTL (National Accredited Laboratory) yovomerezeka ndi OSHA (Federal Occupational Safety and Health Administration).Pambuyo pa zaka zoposa 100, chizindikiro cha ETL chadziwika kwambiri ndikuvomerezedwa ndi ogulitsa akuluakulu ku North America, ndipo ali ndi mbiri yabwino monga UL.Chizindikiro choyendera cha ETL Chilichonse chamagetsi, makina kapena makina ndi magetsi okhala ndi chizindikiritso cha ETL chikuwonetsa kuti adayesedwa kuti akwaniritse miyezo yoyenera yamakampani.

Energy Star: American Energy Star

Energy Star (Energy Star) ndi ntchito ya boma yomwe idakhazikitsidwa limodzi ndi dipatimenti yazamagetsi ku US ndi bungwe la US Environmental Protection Agency pofuna kuteteza chilengedwe komanso kupulumutsa mphamvu.Mu 1992, EPA idatenga nawo gawo, idakwezedwa koyamba pazinthu zamakompyuta.Pali mitundu yopitilira 30 yazinthu zomwe zikuphatikizidwa ndi chiphaso ichi, monga zida zapakhomo, zida zotenthetsera / firiji, zida zamagetsi, zowunikira, ndi zina zambiri. Pakali pano, zinthu zambiri zowunikira pamsika waku China, kuphatikiza nyali zopulumutsa mphamvu (CFL). ), nyale (RLF), magetsi apamsewu ndi magetsi otuluka.

TUV: Technischer Überwachungs-Verein

Chitsimikizo cha TUV ndi chizindikiritso chachitetezo chokhazikitsidwa ndi zinthu zaku Germany za TUV, zomwe zimavomerezedwa ku Germany ndi ku Europe.Nthawi yomweyo, mabizinesi amatha kufunsira satifiketi ya CB palimodzi pofunsira chizindikiro cha TUV, motero amalandila satifiketi kuchokera kumayiko ena kudzera pakutembenuka.Kuphatikiza apo, chinthucho chikadutsa chiphaso, TUV yaku Germany ifunsana ndi opanga okonzanso omwe ali ndi zida zoyenerera kuti avomereze zinthuzi;panthawi ya certification, zigawo zonse zomwe zili ndi chizindikiro cha TUV zitha kuchotsedwa pakuwunika.TUV (Technischer Uberwachungs-Verein): Technical Inspection Association mu Chingerezi.

UKCA: Kugwirizana kwa United Kingdom Kuyesedwa ku United Kingdom

UKCA ndi yachidule ku UK Qualifications (UK Conformity Assessed).Pa February 2, 2019, UK idalengeza kuti itenga logo ya UKCA popanda Brexit.Pambuyo pa Januware 1,2021, mulingo watsopanowu udayamba.Chitsimikizo cha UKCA (UK Conformity Assessed) ndichofunika ku UK cholembera katundu, ndipo zinthu zomwe zimayikidwa ku Great Britain (Great Britain, "GB", kuphatikizapo England, Wales ndi Scotland, koma osati Northern Ireland) zidzalowa m'malo mwa zolembera za EU CE.Chizindikiro cha UKCA chidzawonetsa kuti zinthu zomwe zimayikidwa ku UK Great Britain zimakwaniritsa zofunikira za UKCA.Shanghai MIDA EV Mphamvu Zopangira zolipiritsa zomwe zimapangidwa zimakumana ndi ziphaso zosiyanasiyana malinga ndi zosowa za mayiko osiyanasiyana, ndipo zitha kuyambitsidwa mwachangu kumisika yakunja monga European Union, North America ndi South America, Southeast Asia ndi Asia.